AN UNDERACTIVE THYROID GLAND
Hypothyroidism
An underactive thyroid gland that slows metabolism, causing fatigue, weight gain, cold intolerance and dry skin. Effectively treated with daily thyroid hormone replacement.
ABOUT THIS CONDITION
What is Hypothyroidism
Hypothyroidism is a condition in which the thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormones, resulting in a slowing of the body's metabolism. The thyroid hormones influence almost every organ system, so the symptoms can be wide-ranging — including tiredness, weight gain, cold intolerance, dry skin, hair thinning, constipation, slow heart rate, low mood, irregular periods and memory or concentration difficulties. Hypothyroidism is more common in women and often increases with age. The most common cause worldwide is autoimmune thyroid disease (Hashimoto's thyroiditis), followed by iodine deficiency, surgery and certain medications. Diagnosis is straightforward with blood tests measuring TSH and thyroid hormones. Daily thyroid hormone replacement, with regular monitoring and dose adjustment, restores hormone levels and resolves symptoms in most patients. Dr. Patnam Pravallika Reddy provides complete hypothyroidism care at Lux Hospitals, Hyderabad.
SIGNS TO WATCH
Common Symptoms
Symptoms that need attention
WHY IT HAPPENS
Causes & Risk Factors
- Autoimmune thyroid disease (Hashimoto's thyroiditis)
- Iodine deficiency in some regions
- Previous thyroid surgery or radioactive iodine treatment
- Certain medications affecting thyroid function
- Congenital underactive thyroid in newborns
- Pituitary or hypothalamic causes (rare)
- Pregnancy and postpartum thyroiditis
CLINICAL DETAILS
KeyFacts
Blood tests for TSH, free T4 and thyroid antibodies
Daily thyroid hormone replacement, taken on an empty stomach
TSH checked periodically and dose adjusted accordingly
TSH needs particular attention before and during pregnancy
Most patients feel well once thyroid levels are stable
Available at Lux Hospitals, Hyderabad
HOW WE TREAT IT
Treatment Approach
Daily Thyroid Hormone Replacement
The most effective treatment for hypothyroidism is daily thyroid hormone replacement, taken consistently on an empty stomach, with periodic TSH monitoring and dose adjustment. With proper dosing, most patients feel well and lead completely normal lives.
- 1
Consultation & Assessment
Dr. Pravallika reviews symptoms, examines the thyroid and orders blood tests including TSH, free T4 and thyroid antibodies where indicated.
- 2
Treatment Planning
A personalised dose of thyroid hormone replacement is started, with clear advice on how and when to take it for best absorption.
- 3
Medical Management
Regular thyroid hormone replacement, with periodic TSH testing and dose titration to keep levels in the optimal range.
- 4
Recovery & Follow-up
Long-term follow-up to maintain optimal control, monitor for associated conditions and adjust treatment in pregnancy or with new medications.
AVAILABLE TREATMENTS
Treatment Options
Thyroid Hormone Replacement Therapy
Daily oral thyroid hormone, taken consistently and ideally on an empty stomach, restores normal thyroid hormone levels.
Regular TSH Monitoring
Periodic blood testing tracks the response to treatment and guides any dose adjustments.
Dose Titration
The dose is fine-tuned based on TSH levels, symptoms, body weight, age and any other medications.
Dietary Counselling
Advice on adequate iodine intake, timing of medication relative to food and supplements that can interfere with absorption.
Screening for Associated Conditions
Patients with autoimmune hypothyroidism may be screened for associated conditions such as type 1 diabetes, vitiligo and pernicious anaemia.
COMMON QUESTIONS
Frequently Asked Questions
Not sure about your condition?
Compassionate, confidential consultations — Book your appointment today.