A VIRAL INFECTION THAT WEAKENS THE IMMUNE SYSTEM
HIV / AIDS
A viral infection that weakens the immune system, raising the risk of severe infections and certain cancers. With lifelong antiretroviral therapy, people with HIV can lead long, healthy lives.
ABOUT THIS CONDITION
What is HIV / AIDS
HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) is a virus that attacks and gradually weakens the immune system, particularly the CD4 cells that help fight infection. If left untreated, it can progress to AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome), in which the immune system becomes severely weakened and the body becomes vulnerable to serious infections and certain cancers. With modern antiretroviral therapy (ART), HIV has become a manageable, long-term condition rather than a terminal illness. Most patients on consistent ART achieve full suppression of the virus, near-normal life expectancy and very low risk of transmitting the infection to others. Confidential evaluation, testing, ART initiation and long-term follow-up are essential. Dr. Patnam Pravallika Reddy provides discreet HIV care at Lux Hospitals, Hyderabad.
SIGNS TO WATCH
Common Symptoms
Symptoms that need attention
WHY IT HAPPENS
Causes & Risk Factors
- Unprotected sexual contact with an infected partner
- Sharing needles, syringes or injection equipment
- Transfusion of contaminated blood or blood products (now rare)
- Mother-to-child transmission during pregnancy, birth or breastfeeding
- Occupational exposure in healthcare settings (rare with proper precautions)
CLINICAL DETAILS
KeyFacts
Confidential HIV antibody and antigen blood tests
Lifelong antiretroviral therapy (ART)
Regular CD4 count and viral load testing
Screening and prevention of TB, hepatitis and other infections
Most patients on consistent ART live long, healthy lives
Available at Lux Hospitals, Hyderabad — fully confidential care
HOW WE TREAT IT
Treatment Approach
Lifelong Antiretroviral Therapy (ART)
The most effective treatment for HIV is lifelong antiretroviral therapy. Modern ART suppresses the virus, restores the immune system, prevents progression to AIDS and dramatically reduces the risk of transmission to partners and children.
- 1
Consultation & Assessment
A confidential consultation, with appropriate testing, baseline CD4 and viral load measurement and screening for co-infections.
- 2
Treatment Planning
A personalised antiretroviral therapy plan is created, with full counselling on adherence and long-term care.
- 3
Medical Management
Lifelong ART, prevention of opportunistic infections, regular monitoring of CD4 count and viral load, vaccinations and partner support.
- 4
Recovery & Follow-up
Regular follow-up to ensure viral suppression, address side effects, prevent complications and provide ongoing emotional and practical support.
AVAILABLE TREATMENTS
Treatment Options
Lifelong Antiretroviral Therapy
A combination of antiretroviral medications taken every day to suppress the virus, protect the immune system and prevent disease progression.
Opportunistic Infection Prophylaxis
Preventive treatment to reduce the risk of specific infections such as tuberculosis and pneumocystis in patients with low CD4 counts.
Regular CD4 and Viral Load Monitoring
Periodic blood tests track the response to ART and immune function, guiding any changes to treatment.
Vaccinations
Recommended vaccinations help protect against preventable infections such as hepatitis B, influenza and pneumococcal disease.
Counselling and Partner Support
Confidential counselling and support for the patient and partners on prevention, disclosure, mental health and family planning.
COMMON QUESTIONS
Frequently Asked Questions
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