THE MOST COMMON CAUSE OF AUTOIMMUNE HYPOTHYROIDISM
Hashimoto's Thyroiditis
An autoimmune disease in which the immune system gradually attacks the thyroid gland, leading to underactive thyroid function and symptoms of hypothyroidism. Managed with daily hormone replacement.
ABOUT THIS CONDITION
What is Hashimoto's Thyroiditis
Hashimoto's thyroiditis is an autoimmune disease in which the body's immune system gradually attacks the thyroid gland, leading to chronic inflammation and progressive loss of thyroid hormone production. It is one of the most common causes of hypothyroidism, particularly in women. Symptoms develop gradually and include tiredness, weight gain, cold intolerance, dry skin, hair thinning, constipation, low mood, memory difficulties and irregular periods. Some patients also have a mildly enlarged thyroid gland (goitre). The condition is often associated with other autoimmune diseases such as type 1 diabetes, vitiligo and pernicious anaemia, and runs in families. Diagnosis is confirmed with thyroid function tests and anti-thyroid antibodies. Treatment with daily thyroid hormone replacement, combined with regular monitoring and review of associated conditions, restores well-being in most patients. Dr. Patnam Pravallika Reddy provides comprehensive Hashimoto's care at Lux Hospitals, Hyderabad.
SIGNS TO WATCH
Common Symptoms
Symptoms that need attention
WHY IT HAPPENS
Causes & Risk Factors
- Autoimmune attack on the thyroid gland
- Genetic predisposition with family history of autoimmune disease
- More common in women, particularly middle-aged
- Iodine intake at the extremes of low or high
- Pregnancy and postpartum period
- Stress and other triggering factors
- Often associated with other autoimmune conditions
CLINICAL DETAILS
KeyFacts
TSH, free T4 and anti-thyroid antibodies; thyroid ultrasound if needed
Daily thyroid hormone replacement
Periodic TSH testing and dose adjustment
Type 1 diabetes, vitiligo, coeliac disease and pernicious anaemia
First-degree relatives may benefit from thyroid testing
Available at Lux Hospitals, Hyderabad
HOW WE TREAT IT
Treatment Approach
Thyroid Hormone Replacement & Autoimmune Care
The most effective approach is daily thyroid hormone replacement, with periodic TSH monitoring and dose titration, alongside screening for other associated autoimmune conditions. Most patients regain energy and well-being once their thyroid levels are stable.
- 1
Consultation & Assessment
Dr. Pravallika reviews symptoms, examines the thyroid and orders TSH, free T4 and anti-thyroid antibody testing.
- 2
Treatment Planning
A personalised plan is created with the appropriate starting dose of thyroid hormone, dietary advice and screening for related conditions.
- 3
Medical Management
Daily thyroid hormone replacement, dose adjustments based on TSH, and monitoring for any other autoimmune issues.
- 4
Recovery & Follow-up
Long-term follow-up to maintain optimal control, support during pregnancy and adjustment during other medical conditions.
AVAILABLE TREATMENTS
Treatment Options
Thyroid Hormone Replacement Therapy
Daily thyroid hormone, taken on an empty stomach, restores hormone levels and relieves symptoms.
TSH and Antibody Monitoring
Periodic blood testing tracks the response to treatment and disease activity.
Micronutrient Supplementation in Select Cases
Selenium and other micronutrients may be considered in selected patients, based on diet and clinical situation.
Dietary Advice
General advice on a balanced diet, adequate iodine intake without excess, and considerations around supplements that can interfere with thyroid medication.
Screening for Other Autoimmune Disorders
Patients are screened for type 1 diabetes, coeliac disease, vitiligo and other autoimmune conditions when indicated.
COMMON QUESTIONS
Frequently Asked Questions
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