NARROWING OF THE HEART'S BLOOD VESSELS
Coronary Artery Disease
Narrowing of the heart arteries due to plaque build-up, reducing blood flow to the heart muscle and causing chest pain or heart attack risk. Manageable with structured medical and procedural care.
ABOUT THIS CONDITION
What is Coronary Artery Disease
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a condition in which the arteries supplying blood to the heart muscle become narrowed or blocked by a build-up of plaque (atherosclerosis). This restricts blood flow and can cause chest pain (angina), breathlessness, heart attack and heart failure. CAD develops gradually over years and is strongly influenced by modifiable risk factors such as high blood pressure, diabetes, high cholesterol, smoking, obesity and sedentary lifestyle, as well as age, family history and gender. Many patients have no symptoms in the early stages, but some present with stable angina (pain on exertion) or acute coronary events. Diagnosis includes ECG, stress testing, echocardiography and, where appropriate, angiography. Management combines lifestyle modification, antiplatelet and lipid-lowering medical therapy, and where indicated, angioplasty or bypass surgery. Dr. Patnam Pravallika Reddy provides initial evaluation, medical management and coordination of cardiology referrals at Lux Hospitals, Hyderabad.
SIGNS TO WATCH
Common Symptoms
Symptoms that need attention
WHY IT HAPPENS
Causes & Risk Factors
- High blood pressure
- Diabetes and prediabetes
- High cholesterol, particularly raised LDL
- Smoking and tobacco use
- Obesity and sedentary lifestyle
- Family history of early heart disease
- Age and male gender, post-menopausal status in women
- Chronic stress and poor sleep
CLINICAL DETAILS
KeyFacts
ECG, blood tests, echocardiography, stress testing and angiography where needed
Stable angina · Unstable angina · Heart attack
Lifestyle change, medical therapy, angioplasty or bypass surgery
Significantly improved with combined approach
Regular cardiovascular review and risk assessment
Available at Lux Hospitals, Hyderabad
HOW WE TREAT IT
Treatment Approach
Combined Medical Therapy with Risk Reduction
The most effective approach combines antiplatelet and lipid-lowering medical therapy, comprehensive risk reduction, lifestyle change and timely referral for angioplasty or bypass surgery in patients with significant narrowing or symptoms despite medication.
- 1
Consultation & Assessment
Dr. Pravallika reviews chest symptoms and risk factors, examines you and orders ECG, blood tests, echocardiography and cardiology evaluation where needed.
- 2
Treatment Planning
A personalised plan is created based on the severity of symptoms, test results and overall cardiovascular risk.
- 3
Medical Management
Antiplatelet therapy, lipid-lowering therapy, BP and diabetes control, anti-anginal medication, with cardiology referral for procedures where indicated.
- 4
Recovery & Follow-up
Regular review of symptoms, risk factors and therapy, with cardiac rehabilitation referral and long-term risk reduction.
AVAILABLE TREATMENTS
Treatment Options
Antiplatelet and Lipid-Lowering Medical Therapy
Standard medical therapy reduces clot risk and lowers cholesterol, slowing progression of disease.
Standard Anti-Anginal Medical Therapy
Specific medical therapy relieves chest pain and improves blood flow to the heart muscle.
Lifestyle Modification
Smoking cessation, regular activity, healthy eating, weight management and stress reduction are central to long-term care.
Angioplasty or CABG Referral (Referral for cardiology / cardiac surgical evaluation)
Patients with significant narrowing or persistent symptoms may need angioplasty (with stenting) or coronary artery bypass grafting.
Cardiac Rehabilitation (Referral for cardiac rehabilitation)
Structured cardiac rehabilitation supports recovery, improves outcomes and reduces future cardiac events.
COMMON QUESTIONS
Frequently Asked Questions
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